A MITM attack is a form of cyber-attack where a user is introduced to some kind of meeting between the two parties by a malicious individual, manipulates both parties, and achieves access to the data that the two people were trying to deliver to each other. A man-in-the-middle attack also helps a malicious attacker, without any kind of participant recognizing till it's too late, to hack the transmission of data intended for someone else and not supposed to be sent at all.
Key Concepts of a Man-in-the-Middle Attack :
1. Are a type of session hijacking.
2. Involve attackers inserting themselves as relays or proxies in an ongoing, legitimate conversation or data transfer.
3. Exploit the real-time nature of conversations and data transfers to go undetected.
4. Allow attackers to intercept confidential data.
5. Allow attackers to insert malicious data and links in a way indistinguishable from legitimate data.
Blocking MITM attacks requires several practical steps on the part of users, as well as a combination of encryption and verification methods for applications. For users, this means:
1. Avoid WiFi connections that aren’t password protected.
2. Paying attention to browser notifications reporting a website as being unsecured.
3. Immediately log out of a secure application when it’s not in use.
4. Not using public networks (e.g., coffee shops, hotels) when conducting sensitive transactions.
For website operators, secure communication protocols, including TLS and HTTPS, help mitigate spoofing attacks by robustly encrypting and authenticating transmitted data. Doing so prevents the interception of site traffic and blocks the decryption of sensitive data, such as authentication tokens.
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